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六级语法

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发表于 2008-9-5 17:56:57 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
14.1 倒装句之全部倒装   }! d2 @, U- N

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2 B8 R: y7 e. B, i 全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用于一般现在时和 一般过去时。常见的结构有:
+ @0 f/ e/ ?% M4 E+ }/ }' b 1) here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run( p8 W, N' F+ s1 [; S, J1 W
  There goes the bell.- n, S' R% r: h8 z2 f
  Then came the chairman.7 F/ C7 L: \$ s' a" `" e2 o
  Here is your letter.
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 2) 表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首,谓语表示运动的动词。6 g# P! d0 N0 x4 p5 {
  Out rushed a missile from under the bomber./ E" A& i5 U: A" v/ n0 h/ l
  Ahead sat an old woman.) D6 H" f/ w3 X! H: o1 G+ ?9 Y

  i: @8 k$ r5 B 注意:上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词,如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装
% x9 g2 X; `+ }   Here he comes.   Away they went.
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14.2 倒装句之部分倒装 - J, X7 x/ N. J- r+ A% ]
  
& ~& Q" `, T/ t5 E( ]' D5 b# K9 D: K  部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词,则需添加助动词do, doesdid,并将其置于主语之前。# J- g, A7 ]3 N

. [* A4 Y; `1 r; F$ C' Y* R 1) 句首为否定或半否定的词语,如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until 等。2 J5 w, j' t$ B& |2 p& Z
  Never have I seen such a performance.. M+ L: S) h: F! g
  Nowhere will you find the answer to this question.
7 p# K4 }" E( t; t$ s8 {+ G: r% P  Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.
" t2 V) \6 L8 w' s* r/ a Not until引出主从复合句,主句倒装,从句不倒装
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注意: 如否定词不在句首不倒装。# p; o2 j: R. k' ^! e
   I have never seen such a performance.
* t% m6 O7 u3 ~# l  X# d   The mother didn't leave the room until the child fell asleep.6 e) S+ X4 [" I0 z$ R6 Y) {! H

+ y* k. s" R8 q- |4 X: k典型例题   . f# K. a( K8 U8 b2 n) M2 h' U8 t% U
1) Why can't I smoke here?; z% P+ J. Q) i
  At no time___ in the meeting-room
8 ]1 w; v( i0 I! d2 p* E9 w! l0 RA. is smoking permitted 
. ]$ G  g5 N& b9 yB. smoking is permitted
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C. smoking is it permitted D.does smoking permit- G) E5 r, t: l  ]+ c/ P% \1 w
答案A. 这是一个倒装问题。当否定词语置于句首以表示强调时,其句中的主谓须用倒装结构。 这些否定词包括no, little, hardly, seldom, never, not only, not until等。本题的正常语序是 Smoking is permitted in the meeting-room at no time.# k: C3 J$ Z& }( S5 E% `0 U% V* d
2 Not until the early years of the 19th century ___ what heat is.
, o3 }# }9 c* o; h. w, M& |& }  A. man did know  B. man know  C. didn't man know  D. did man know
) R9 g% G5 T$ U. N) l# e% i4 D 答案D.  看到Not until…的句型,我们知道为一倒装句,答案在CD 中选一个。
  j/ ~  |) n' |- \# T 改写为正常语序为,Man did not know what heat is until the early years of the 19th. 现在将not提前,后面就不能再用否定了,否则意思就变了。
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 楼主| 发表于 2008-9-5 18:00:28 | 显示全部楼层

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